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__NOTOC__ ''Bernstein v. United States'' is a set of court cases brought by Daniel J. Bernstein challenging restrictions on the export of cryptography from the United States. The case was first brought in 1995, when Bernstein was a student at University of California, Berkeley, and wanted to publish a paper and associated source code on his ''Snuffle'' encryption system. Bernstein was represented by the Electronic Frontier Foundation, who hired outside lawyer Cindy Cohn. After four years and one regulatory change, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that software source code was speech protected by the First Amendment and that the government's regulations preventing its publication were unconstitutional.〔(Bernstein v. USDOJ (9th Cir. May 6, 1999) ) Electronic Privacy Information Center〕 Regarding those regulations, the EFF states: The government requested en banc review. In Bernstein v. U.S. Dep't of Justice, 192 F.3d 1308 (9th Cir. 1999), the Ninth Circuit ordered that this case be reheard by the en banc court, and withdrew the three-judge panel opinion, Bernstein v. U.S. Dept. of Justice, 176 F.3d 1132 (9th Cir.1999).〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://openjurist.org/192/f3d/1308/daniel-bernstein-v-united-states-department-of-justice )〕 The government modified the regulations again, substantially loosening them, and Bernstein, now a professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago, challenged them again. This time, he chose to represent himself, although he had no formal legal training. On October 15, 2003, almost nine years after Bernstein first brought the case, the judge dismissed it and asked Bernstein to come back when the government made a "concrete threat". ==See also== * ''Junger v. Daley'' * PGP criminal investigation 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bernstein v. United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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